401 research outputs found

    Contractualisation dans l\u27entrepriseet Management de la conceptionindustrielle : de la transactionversla relation

    Get PDF
    Contractualisation dans l\u27entrepriseet Management de la conceptionindustrielle : de la transactionversla relationMichel NAKHLAProfesseur INA P-G et Centre de Gestion scientifiquede l\u27École des Mines de ParisRÉSUMÉLes Modes de contractualisation que l\u27on va étudier ici correspondent à la formalisationd\u27engagements entre acteurs dont les activités sont en interdépendance dans un contexted\u27incertitude et d\u27information incomplète. Ces acteurs sont dotés d\u27une capacité de négo-ciation, à la différence des sous-traitants captifs, avec en plus de part et d\u27autre une in-terdépendance dans la connaissance produite.En partant de recherches menées sur les dispositifs de maîtrise des coordinations entreacteurs dans les activités de conception industrielle, on peut mettre en évidence un conflitentre une coordination basée sur une approche contractuelle « stricte » et des modes d\u27en-gagements «flexibles N profitant de l\u27accroissement de l\u27information mais pouvant présen-ter des coûts de coordination élevés.L\u27objet de ce texte est de montrer l\u27existence d\u27une vision duale dans les démarches decontractualisation internes. En partant de cette idée, on examinera d\u27une part, l\u27impactde l\u27allocation de droits résiduels sur les savoirs d\u27interface et la robustesse des contrats et,d\u27autre part, l\u27intérêt d\u27un contrat dynamique conciliant engagement explicite (selon descritères transactionnels habituels) et flexibilité (pour favoriser des droits mutuels d\u27accèsaux connaissances complémentaires)

    Multipoint model order reduction of delayed PEEC systems

    Get PDF
    We present a new model order reduction technique for electrically large systems with delay elements, which can be modeled by means of neutral delayed differential equations. An adaptive multipoint expansion and model order reduction of equivalent first order systems are combined in the new proposed method that preserves the neutral delayed differential formulation. An adaptive algorithm to select the expansion points is presented. The proposed model order reduction technique is validated by pertinent numerical results. A comparison with a previous model order reduction algorithm based on a single point expansion is performed to show the considerably improved modeling capability of the new proposed technique

    Reduced order modeling of delayed PEEC circuits

    Get PDF
    We propose a novel model order reduction technique that is able to accurately reduce electrically large systems with delay elements, which can be described by means of neutral delayed differential equations. It is based on an adaptive multipoint expansion and model order reduction of equivalent first order systems. The neutral delayed differential formulation is preserved in the reduced model. Pertinent numerical results validate the proposed model order reduction approach

    Interpolation-based parameterized model order reduction of delayed systems

    Get PDF
    Three-dimensional electromagnetic methods are fundamental tools for the analysis and design of high-speed systems. These methods often generate large systems of equations, and model order reduction (MOR) methods are used to reduce such a high complexity. When the geometric dimensions become electrically large or signal waveform rise times decrease, time delays must be included in the modeling. Design space optimization and exploration are usually performed during a typical design process that consequently requires repeated simulations for different design parameter values. Efficient performing of these design activities calls for parameterized model order reduction (PMOR) methods, which are able to reduce large systems of equations with respect to frequency and other design parameters of the circuit, such as layout or substrate features. We propose a novel PMOR method for neutral delayed differential systems, which is based on an efficient and reliable combination of univariate model order reduction methods, a procedure to find scaling and frequency shifting coefficients and positive interpolation schemes. The proposed scaling and frequency shifting coefficients enhance and improve the modeling capability of standard positive interpolation schemes and allow accurate modeling of highly dynamic systems with a limited amount of initial univariate models in the design space. The proposed method is able to provide parameterized reduced order models passive by construction over the design space of interest. Pertinent numerical examples validate the proposed PMOR approach

    Les démarches de contractualisation comme processus de conception : l’émergence du contrôle de gestion médicalisé à l’hôpital

    Get PDF
    À l’hôpital, le contrôle de gestion a longtemps été utilisé comme outil de contrôle réglementaire au service de la tutelle ou comme outil au service des politiques de santé. Plus généralement, il a souffert d’un certain nombre d’écueils parmi lesquels une insuffisante prise en compte de la dimension interne et organisationnelle qui s’explique en partie par une vision réduite du contrôle de gestion tournée vers la simple connaissance des coûts. L’objet de ce papier consiste à étudier les conditions d’émergence de nouveaux concepts de contrôle de gestion à l’hôpital. Le recours à la théorie C-K, nous semble être un cadre d’analyse pour discuter l’hypothèse selon laquelle, les démarches de contractualisation sont des processus de conception. À partir de ce cadre théorique et de l’analyse d’expériences contractuelles à l’hôpital, nous faisons l’hypothèse que le renforcement des démarches de contractualisation contribue à l’émergence de nouvelles démarches de contrôle de gestion à l’hôpital, au sens large d’un pilotage médico-économique.Financial reporting has long been used as a tool of regulatory control by the supervisory authority or employed in health policies concerning hospitals. More generally, a number of problems over financial reporting have come to light including an inadequate analysis of the internal organization of hospitals which can be partially explained by a vision limited to costs. The aim of this paper is to study the conditions of the emergence of new concepts of control in hospital management. It will argue that the C-K theory provides an analytical framework for understanding the contract process as a design process. This theoretical framework along with the analysis of examples of contracting reveals that the contracting process contributes to the emergence of new representations of control in the form of medico-economic monitoring

    Ongoing geographical spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus

    Get PDF
    Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) seriously impacts tomato production throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It has a broad geographical distribution and continues to spread to new regions in the Indian and Pacific Oceans including Australia, New Caledonia and Mauritius. We undertook a temporally-scaled, phylogeographic analysis of all publicly available, full genome sequences of TYLCV, together with 70 new genome sequences from Australia, Iran and Mauritius. This revealed that whereas epidemics in Australia and China likely originated through multiple independent viral introductions from the East-Asian region around Japan and Korea, the New Caledonian epidemic was seeded by a variant from the Western Mediterranean region and the Mauritian epidemic by a variant from the neighbouring island of Reunion. Finally, we show that inter-continental scale movements of TYLCV to East Asia have, at least temporarily, ceased, whereas long-distance movements to the Americas and Australia are probably still ongoing

    Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

    Get PDF

    Préface

    No full text
    L’adoption des technologies numériques dans le secteur de la santé en France marque une nouvelle révolution. Rappelons simplement que dans les années 1980, ce secteur a connu une autre révolution, plutôt interne à l’hôpital, à travers le lancement du PMSI (Programme de Médicalisation du Système d’Information). C’est un système d’information visant à répartir les séjours hospitaliers dans une classification à la fois médicale et économique. L’idée venant des travaux statistiques nord-américain..
    • …
    corecore